{"id":19074,"date":"2024-05-28T22:18:51","date_gmt":"2024-05-28T21:18:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/diabetes\/mody\/"},"modified":"2026-05-03T17:21:22","modified_gmt":"2026-05-03T16:21:22","slug":"mody","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/en\/diabetes\/mody\/","title":{"rendered":"MODY"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"19074\" class=\"elementor elementor-19074 elementor-11070\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-346d4284 elementor-section-full_width hero elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"346d4284\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-34597a12\" data-id=\"34597a12\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54c13e1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"54c13e1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40e81ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"40e81ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span class=\"color-mauve\">Diabetes<\/span> MODY<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8716756 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-breadcrumbs\" data-id=\"8716756\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"breadcrumbs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"breadcrumbs\" class=\"rank-math-breadcrumb\"><p><span class=\"last\">Diabet&#039;<\/span><\/p><\/nav>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-16df0832 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"16df0832\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5d4b537\" data-id=\"5d4b537\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4994035 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4994035\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/beautiful-diabetic-woman-preparing-for-outdoor-workout-in-the-city-.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-19061\" alt=\"diab\u00e8te MODY\" srcset=\"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/beautiful-diabetic-woman-preparing-for-outdoor-workout-in-the-city-.webp 2000w, https:\/\/diabet.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/beautiful-diabetic-woman-preparing-for-outdoor-workout-in-the-city--300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/diabet.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/beautiful-diabetic-woman-preparing-for-outdoor-workout-in-the-city--768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/diabet.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/beautiful-diabetic-woman-preparing-for-outdoor-workout-in-the-city--1536x1024.webp 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<aside class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2bb3a6c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2bb3a6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10ac2af e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"10ac2af\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-308ff90 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"308ff90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Some <span class=\"color-violet\">figures<\/span><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ab4595 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2ab4595\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76c8a0f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"76c8a0f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">MODY is a rare type of diabetes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d32eb3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0d32eb3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a9a763a e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a9a763a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1744936 elementor-widget__width-auto data elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1744936\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">0,01%<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-368e9e5 elementor-widget__width-auto elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"368e9e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">of the population<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34b596a e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-id=\"34b596a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:800}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13bff7f elementor-widget__width-auto data elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13bff7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2 to 3%<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21c775b elementor-widget__width-auto elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"21c775b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">types of <a href=\"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/en\/diabetes\/\">diabetes<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/aside>\n\t\t<main class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba47ad2 main e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ba47ad2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3de8e67 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3de8e67\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>What are the symptoms of MODY?<\/h2><p>MODY diabetes, or <strong>Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young<\/strong>, is a form of <strong>monogenic diabetes<\/strong> that often presents with mild <strong>hyperglycemia<\/strong> which can go unnoticed for several years. Common symptoms include excessive thirst, frequent urination, unexplained fatigue, and sometimes weight loss. The <strong>onset of symptoms<\/strong> typically occurs in <strong>young adults<\/strong> or even <strong>children<\/strong>, distinguishing it from other forms of diabetes. In these mutation carriers, the <strong>absence of obesity<\/strong> is common, which generally rules out a <strong>diagnosis<\/strong> of <a href=\"\">type 2 diabetes<\/a>.   <\/p><p>This condition is caused by <strong>genetic abnormalities<\/strong> affecting <strong>insulin secretion<\/strong> by the <strong>pancreas<\/strong>, without disrupting insulin sensitivity, resulting in a glucose metabolism disorder.<\/p><h2>How to diagnose MODY diabetes?<\/h2><p>The <strong>diagnosis<\/strong> of <strong>MODY<\/strong> diabetes is based on several factors. Initially, your doctor will assess your <strong>family history of diabetes<\/strong>, as this <strong>disease<\/strong> is transmitted in an <strong>autosomal dominant<\/strong> manner, often affecting multiple generations. <strong>Diabetes in children<\/strong> or cases of <strong>neonatal diabetes<\/strong> in the family may indicate MODY.  <\/p><p>Genetic <strong>analyses<\/strong> are essential for identifying specific <strong>genetic anomalies<\/strong>, including <strong>mutations<\/strong> in the <strong>gene<\/strong> for glucokinase (GCK) or the hepatocyte nuclear factor <strong>1-alpha<\/strong> (HNF1A for MODY 3). These <strong>genetic mutations<\/strong> lead to an <strong>alteration<\/strong> in glucose <strong>metabolism<\/strong>, affecting insulin <strong>secretion<\/strong> by the pancreatic <strong>beta cells<\/strong>. <\/p><p>Blood <a href=\"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/examens\/prise-de-sang\/\">tests<\/a> to evaluate fasting <a href=\"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/examens\/prise-de-sang\/glycemie-a-jeun\/\">blood glucose<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/examens\/prise-de-sang\/hemoglobine-glyquee\/\">glycated hemoglobin<\/a>, and a <strong>liver function panel<\/strong> can be performed. The absence of <strong>autoantibodies<\/strong> and the lack of <strong>autoimmunity<\/strong> help differentiate MODY from type 1 diabetes in the classification of <strong>diabetes mellitus<\/strong>. MODY is part of the <strong>monogenic diabetes<\/strong> group, caused by mutations in a single gene.  <\/p><h2>What are the consequences of MODY?<\/h2><p>If MODY diabetes is not properly managed, it can progress to complications similar to those of other forms of diabetes and significantly impair the health of affected patients. Chronic <strong>hyperglycemia<\/strong> can lead to microvascular damage affecting the kidneys, eyes, and nerves. <strong>Patients<\/strong> may also present with increased <strong>vascular risk factors<\/strong>, heightening the risk of cardiovascular complications.  <\/p><p>Certain types of MODY, such as <strong>MODY 5<\/strong>, may be associated with other congenital anomalies, such as <strong>renal cysts<\/strong> or <strong>pancreatic agenesis<\/strong>, requiring special medical attention. Early and appropriate <strong>management<\/strong> is essential to prevent the <strong>progression<\/strong> to severe complications. The <strong>decreased<\/strong> production of insulin can worsen <strong>hyperglycemia<\/strong>, necessitating regular monitoring of <strong>diabetes and insulin therapy<\/strong>.  <\/p><h2>What is the treatment for MODY?<\/h2><p>Treatment for MODY diabetes is tailored according to the specific type and severity of the <strong>disease<\/strong>. Since MODY is a monogenic <strong>form of diabetes<\/strong>, the treatment is personalized based on the genetic mutation. In many cases, lifestyle <strong>measures<\/strong> including a balanced diet and regular <strong>physical activity<\/strong> are sufficient to control blood glucose levels, particularly for <strong>MODY 2 GCK<\/strong>.  <\/p><p>For certain <strong>patients<\/strong>, especially those with <strong>MODY 3<\/strong>, medications that stimulate <strong>insulin secretion<\/strong>, such as sulfonylureas, may be prescribed. <a href=\"\">Insulin therapy<\/a> is rarely necessary but may be considered if other treatments fail to control blood sugar levels. <\/p><p>Regular follow-up with <strong>specialist doctors<\/strong> is essential for monitoring the <strong>progression<\/strong> of <strong>clinical diabetes<\/strong> and adjusting <strong>management<\/strong> accordingly. Educating patients about their <strong>condition<\/strong> and the importance of treatment adherence is also crucial for optimal <strong>management<\/strong>. <\/p><h2>What are the different types of MODY?<\/h2><p>There are several types of MODY diabetes, each linked to specific <strong>mutations<\/strong>:<\/p><h3>MODY 1<\/h3><p>Caused by <strong>HNF4A gene mutations<\/strong> (<em>Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 Alpha<\/em>), it often presents as progressive hyperglycemia in <strong>young adults<\/strong>.<\/p><h3>MODY 2<\/h3><p>Associated with <strong>gene mutations<\/strong> of <strong>glucokinase (GCK)<\/strong>, it results in mild and stable hyperglycemia from childhood in mutation carriers, often without major complications.<\/p><h3>MODY 3<\/h3><p>The most common form of MODY, resulting from <strong>mutations in the HNF1A gene<\/strong> (<em>Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1 Alpha<\/em>). <strong>MODY-3<\/strong> is characterized by a progressive deterioration in <strong>insulin secretion<\/strong>, often requiring medication. <\/p><h3>MODY 4<\/h3><p>Caused by a <strong>mutation in the IPF-1 gene<\/strong> (also known as <strong>PDX1<\/strong>), it is a rare form of MODY.<\/p><h3>MODY 5<\/h3><p>Caused by <strong>mutations in the HNF1B gene<\/strong>, it may be associated with renal abnormalities such as <strong>renal cysts<\/strong> and pancreatic developmental disorders, including <strong>pancreatic agenesis<\/strong>.<\/p><h3>MODY 6<\/h3><p>Resulting from a <strong>mutation in the NeuroD1 gene<\/strong>, it is extremely rare.<\/p><h3>MODY 7<\/h3><p>MODY 7 diabetes is associated with a mutation in the <strong>KLF11<\/strong> gene, which encodes the Kruppel-like factor 11. This factor is involved in regulating the expression of several genes, particularly those associated with glucose metabolism and pancreatic beta-cell function. <\/p><h3>MODY 8<\/h3><p>In the case of MODY 8, a mutation affects the <strong>CEL<\/strong> gene, which codes for a bile salt-dependent lipase. This enzyme plays a crucial role in lipid digestion, and its dysfunction can contribute to metabolic abnormalities and impaired insulin production. <\/p><h3>MODY 9<\/h3><p>MODY 9 is caused by a mutation in the <strong>PAX4<\/strong> gene, a critical transcription factor for the development and survival of pancreatic beta cells. Abnormalities in this gene can result in a defect in insulin production and early-onset hyperglycemia. <\/p><h3>MODY 10<\/h3><p>A mutation in the <strong>INS<\/strong> gene, which encodes insulin, is responsible for MODY 10. This genetic alteration can lead to abnormal or insufficient insulin production, resulting in the early onset of diabetes. <\/p><h3>MODY 11<\/h3><p>MODY 11 is associated with a mutation in the tyrosine kinase of B lymphocytes, encoded by the <strong>NOIR<\/strong> gene. This genetic dysfunction could indirectly affect immune regulation and the function of pancreatic beta cells. <\/p><h3>MODY 13 and 14<\/h3><p>MODY 13 and MODY 14 forms are extremely rare and still poorly understood. The clinical characteristics associated with these subtypes are still under study to better understand their specifics. <\/p><h2>Sources for more information<\/h2><p>To learn more about MODY diabetes and the latest advancements in its <strong>management<\/strong>, you can consult scientific journals such as <em>Diabetes Care<\/em> or reference articles in the <strong>classification of diabetes mellitus<\/strong>. Specialists like <strong>Timsit J<\/strong> and <strong>Philipson LH<\/strong> have also published in-depth works on the <strong>pathophysiology of MODY diabetes<\/strong>. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/main>\n\t\t<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5654f78 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5654f78\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7df300 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f7df300\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-baeb7b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"baeb7b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Your <span class=\"color-violet\">questions<\/span><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4812409 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4812409\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ad0b99 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"3ad0b99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"faq\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;expanded&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-6160\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" open>\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-6160\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> What are the differences between LADA and MODY? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-6160\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1aaf96b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1aaf96b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50e1543 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"50e1543\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>LADA (<span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"1\">Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults<\/span>) is an autoimmune diabetes that develops in adults, while MODY is a form of <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"3\">monogenic diabetes<\/span> that is hereditary and typically manifests in young individuals, often without <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"5\">autoimmunity (antibodies)<\/span>. <a href=\"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/en\/diabetes\/lada\/\">LADA<\/a> shares characteristics with type 1 diabetes, whereas MODY is associated with specific <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"7\">genetic abnormalities<\/span>. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-6161\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-6161\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Is it possible to organize MODY screening? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-6161\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c7fc77 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5c7fc77\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-686d787 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"686d787\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yes, <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"1\">genetic screening<\/span> is possible and recommended for individuals with a <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"3\">family history of diabetes<\/span> suspected of MODY. Early identification allows for appropriate clinical <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"5\">management<\/span> and advises on risk for other family members. <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"7\">Monogenic diabetes<\/span> such as MODY requires particular attention in <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"9\">diagnosis<\/span> and <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"11\">treatment<\/span>.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-6162\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-6162\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> What diet should be adopted in case of MODY? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-6162\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34e54d0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"34e54d0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c40344e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c40344e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A balanced diet, with controlled carbohydrate intake, is essential. Consulting a dietitian is recommended to tailor the dietary regimen according to individual needs and effectively manage blood glucose levels. Regular <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"1\">physical activity<\/span> complements dietary measures and protects cardiovascular health.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-6163\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-6163\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> What is the rarest form of diabetes? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-6163\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a4254a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4a4254a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4220571 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4220571\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>MODY diabetes is one of the rare forms of diabetes, accounting for approximately 1 to 2% of all diabetes cases. <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"1\">Monogenic diabetes<\/span>, such as MODY, are less common than type 1 and type 2 diabetes. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-6164\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"5\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-6164\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> What causes MODY diabetes? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-6164\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72c74c0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"72c74c0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa001d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fa001d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>MODY is caused by <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"1\">mutations<\/span> in specific <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"3\">genes<\/span> affecting the function of pancreatic <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"5\">beta cells<\/span>. These <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"7\">genetic mutations<\/span> result in impaired <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"9\">insulin secretion<\/span>, leading to <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"11\">hyperglycemia<\/span>. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-6165\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"6\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-6165\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><h3 class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> MODY diabetes type 1 or 2? <\/h3><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-6165\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4709ad e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a4709ad\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b40194f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b40194f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>MODY diabetes is neither type 1 nor type 2. It represents a distinct category of <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"1\">monogenic diabetes<\/span>, also known as <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"3\">Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young<\/span> or <span class=\"notion-enable-hover\" data-token-index=\"5\">Diabetes of the Young<\/span>, characterized by its genetic origin and early onset. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What are the differences between LADA and MODY?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"LADA (Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults) is an autoimmune diabetes that develops in adults, while MODY is a form of monogenic diabetes that is hereditary and typically manifests in young individuals, often without autoimmunity (antibodies). LADA shares characteristics with type 1 diabetes, whereas MODY is associated with specific genetic abnormalities.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Is it possible to organize MODY screening?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Yes, genetic screening is possible and recommended for individuals with a family history of diabetes suspected of MODY. Early identification allows for appropriate clinical management and advises on risk for other family members. Monogenic diabetes such as MODY requires particular attention in diagnosis and treatment.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What diet should be adopted in case of MODY?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"A balanced diet, with controlled carbohydrate intake, is essential. Consulting a dietitian is recommended to tailor the dietary regimen according to individual needs and effectively manage blood glucose levels. Regular physical activity complements dietary measures and protects cardiovascular health.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is the rarest form of diabetes?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"MODY diabetes is one of the rare forms of diabetes, accounting for approximately 1 to 2% of all diabetes cases. Monogenic diabetes, such as MODY, are less common than type 1 and type 2 diabetes.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What causes MODY diabetes?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"MODY is caused by mutations in specific genes affecting the function of pancreatic beta cells. These genetic mutations result in impaired insulin secretion, leading to hyperglycemia.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"MODY diabetes type 1 or 2?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"MODY diabetes is neither type 1 nor type 2. It represents a distinct category of monogenic diabetes, also known as Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young or Diabetes of the Young, characterized by its genetic origin and early onset.\"}}]}<\/script>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-afb2073 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"afb2073\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f9ce4f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0f9ce4f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d70e74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3d70e74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Our <span class=\"color-violet\">sources<\/span><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2e25fb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c2e25fb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-211d705 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"211d705\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.has-sante.fr\/upload\/docs\/application\/pdf\/2022-11\/pnds_mody_prisis_20221115.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">French National Authority for Health (HAS)<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d010574 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6d010574\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ef1d345 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7ef1d345\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c43ea78 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3c43ea78\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Diabetes MODY Diabet&#039; Some figures MODY is a rare type of diabetes. 0,01% of the population 2 to 3% types of diabetes What are the symptoms of MODY? MODY diabetes, or Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young, is a form of monogenic diabetes that often presents with mild hyperglycemia which can go unnoticed for several years. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19061,"parent":18721,"menu_order":76,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"tags":[12],"folder":[108],"class_list":["post-19074","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-soin"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19074","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19074"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19074\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22946,"href":"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19074\/revisions\/22946"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18721"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19061"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19074"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19074"},{"taxonomy":"folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diabet.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/folder?post=19074"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}